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Disease Management

Diseases'

The important diseases of pea are wilt, root rot, powdery mildew and rust.
1. Wilt and Root rot (Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani)
These diseases are caused by fungi.
Symptoms

  • Seen in the seedling stage.
  • The roots rot and plants show yellowing of the lowest leaves, followed by wilting.
  • These diseases cause considerable damage when the crop is sown early.

Management

  • Avoid early sowing to escape from high humidity and high temperature which are congenial for the disease.
  • Select wilt-resistant varieties.
  • Soil drenching with copper oxychloride 0.25 per cent.
  • Crop rotation for at least 2-3 years with suitable non-leguminous crops should be followed.

2. Powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni)


This disease is caused by the fungus Erysiphe polygoni. It is a serious disease of pea crop. The disease occurs
worldwide and much more serious than other diseases of pea because it occurs more frequently and covers a larger
host surface area. Early varieties are less damaged.
Symptoms

  • The symptoms first appear on the leaves and then on other green parts of the plant.
  • They are characterized by white powdery, patchy growth on both the surfaces of the leaf and also on the tendrils, pods and stem.
  • In advanced stage, entire plants surface may be covered with white powder which consists of mycelium and spores of the fungus.
  • The number and weight of the pods are reduced.
  • In case of severe infection the plant dies prematurely.
  • Epidemiology
  • It is induced by dry weather.
  • Management
  • Avoid late planting.
  • After harvest, collect the plants left in the field and burn them.
  • The disease can be controlled by two to three sprays of wettable Sulphur
  • compounds like Sulfex @ 3 kg/ha in 1000 l of water. The first spray is done after appearance of the disease in the crop. The second spray should be done 14 days after the first spray and the third spray only if there is a need for it.
  • Spraying 10 per cent milk dilution at 10 days interval is effective with modification of pH conditions.
  • Varieties maturing in January usually escape the maximum intensity of the disease.
  • Dusting sulphur at 25 kg/ha is also recommended.
  • 3. Rust (Uromyces fabae)

            

            

  • The disease is caused by the fungus Uromyces fabae. This disease is serious in northern India.
  • Symptoms
  • The stem of the plant becomes malformed and the affected plant dies.
  • All the green parts of the plants are affected.
  • The earliest symptoms are the yellow spots having aecia in round or elongated clusters.
  • Then the uredo pustules develop which are powdery and light brown in appearance.
  • Management
  • After harvest the affected plant trash should be burnt.
  • Follow suitable crop rotation with non-leguminous crops.